Which group demonstrates the concept of social loafing?

Social loafing is a phenomenon where individuals exert less effort when working in a group compared to when they work independently. This reduction in effort often occurs because individuals feel less accountable for the group's outcome and believe their contribution is less visible or impactful.

The correct answer involves a scenario in which Group 3 arrives at a consensus in a shorter amount of time compared to the other groups. This could indicate that members of Group 3 might be relying on the contributions of outspoken individuals or feeling less motivated to engage in extensive discussion, thus allowing the group to reach a conclusion swiftly. The rapid consensus may suggest that some members of Group 3 are not fully participating, embodying the essence of social loafing—where a belief that others will carry the workload leads to reduced individual effort.

In contrast, the other groups illustrate different dynamics. Group 1's careful consideration emphasizes individual effort and accountability, showing no sign of social loafing. Group 2's extensive discussion indicates active participation and engagement among its members, while Group 5's less time spent discussing may suggest a different organizational strategy or efficient communication rather than a lack of effort. Thus, the characteristics of Group 3 align most closely with the concept of social loafing.